Studies on chemical compositions and functional properties of thorn apple (Datura stramonium L) Solanaceae

Abstract

The fruits of thorn apple (Datura stramonium L) were separated into seed coat, seeds and whole seeds, the various parts were analyzed for proximate composition, anti-nutrients, minerals and functional properties. The physicochemical properties of the oil were also studied. The results obtained showed that, protein and ash were highly distributed in the seed coat than the seed; in contrast the fat, carbohydrate and fiber contents of the seed were higher than the coat. In addition, the seeds also contained higher concentration of phytate, tannin and oxalate than the coat. All the minerals analyzed except calcium, iron, potassium, sodium and phosphorus were higher in the seed coat than the seed. The percentage water absorption and foaming capacities and least gelation were higher in the coat than the seed. Oil absorption and emulsion capacities of the seed coat were higher than the seed. The result of the physicochemical properties indicates that, oil of thorn apple could be utilized for industrial purposes.               Key words: Seed coat, nutrients distribution, antinutrients, elemental composition, acid value, foaming capacity.