Changes in Strawberry Anthocyanins and Other Polyphenols in Response to Carbon Dioxide Treatments

Abstract

Carbon dioxide-enriched atmospheres are used to reduce the incidence and severity of decay and to extend the postharvest life of strawberries. The influence of CO 2 on the postharvest quality parameters of strawberries, particularly the stability of anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds, was investigated. Freshly harvested strawberries were placed in jars ventilated continuously with air or air enriched with 10%, 20%, or 40% CO 2 at 5 °C for 10 days. Samples were taken initially, and after 5 and 10 days of storage, and color ( L * a * b * color space), pH, TA, TSS, and firmness were measured. Anthocyanins and other phenolics were analyzed by HPLC. Elevated CO 2 degraded internal color while air-treated fruit remained red. Internal and external tissues differed in composition and concentration of phenolic compounds. CO 2 had a minimal effect on the anthocyanin content of external tissues but induced a remarkable decrease in anthocyanin content of internal tissues. Factors, such as pH and copigmentation, that could explain this degradation are discussed. Keywords: Fragaria × ananassa; controlled atmosphere; quality parameters; anthocyanins; phenolics