Strategic management is an academic field and methodological approach focused on understanding how organizations achieve and sustain competitive advantage by integrating analysis and action. As a research concept, it investigates the processes by which firms analyze their internal and external environments, formulate strategies, allocate resources, and implement actions to attain long-term objectives. Its key characteristics include a systemic, future-oriented perspective and the alignment of organizational capabilities with market opportunities and threats, highlighting its significance for organizational performance and resilience in dynamic competitive landscapes.