Measuring digital literacy across three age cohorts: Exploring test dimensionality and performance differences

Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores

William W. Rozeboom, Frederic M. Lord, Melvin R. Novick et al. · American Educational Research Journal · 1969 · 8.1K citations

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The relation between 21st-century skills and digital skills: A systematic literature review

Ester van Laar, Alexander Johannes Aloysius Maria van Deursen, Jan van Dijk et al. · Computers in Human Behavior · 2017 · 1.9K citations · Full text

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A comparative analysis of international frameworks for 21^stcentury competences: Implications for national curriculum policies

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DIGCOMP: A Framework for Developing and Understanding Digital Competence in Europe.

Anusca Ferrari · Joint Research Centre (European Commission) · 2013 · 1.4K citations

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DigComp 2.1: The Digital Competence Framework for Citizens with eight proficiency levels and examples of use

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Education, Educational Technology, Vocational Education +15