Educational Measurement Issues and Practice · 2008 · 254 citations · 29 references
EducationEducational AssessmentElementary EducationClassroom AssessmentFormative AssessmentWriting InstructionEssay WritingRubric DevelopmentWriting AssessmentWriting DevelopmentWriting ProcessWriting SkillsAcademic Writing AssessmentMain EffectsRubric Modeling
The study examined how reading a model paper, generating assignment criteria, and rubric‑based self‑assessment—along with gender, writing time, prior rubric experience, and prior achievement—affect elementary students’ writing scores. In grades 3 and 4, students either used a model paper to scaffold criteria generation, received a rubric, and self‑assessed drafts, or they generated criteria and reviewed drafts without a rubric. Results showed that the treatment and prior achievement significantly improved overall writing scores and rubric criterion scores, indicating that model‑guided criteria generation and rubric‑based self‑assessment enhance elementary students’ writing quality.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of reading a model written assignment, generating a list of criteria for the assignment, and self‐assessing according to a rubric, as well as gender, time spent writing, prior rubric use, and previous achievement on elementary school students' scores for a written assignment (N = 116). Participants were in grades 3 and 4. The treatment involved using a model paper to scaffold the process of generating a list of criteria for an effective story or essay, receiving a written rubric, and using the rubric to self‐assess first drafts. The comparison condition involved generating a list of criteria for an effective story or essay, and reviewing first drafts. Findings include a main effect of treatment and of previous achievement on total writing scores, as well as main effects on scores for the individual criteria on the rubric. The results suggest that using a model to generate criteria for an assignment and using a rubric for self‐assessment can help elementary school students produce more effective writing.
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Inside the Black Box: Raising Standards through Classroom Assessment
Paul Black, Dylan Wiliam · Phi Delta Kappan · 2010 · 4.2K citations
The Role of Assessment in a Learning Culture
Lorrie A. Shepard · Educational Researcher · 2000 · 2K citations