Phi Delta Kappan · 2010 · 4.2K citations · 16 references
EducationEducational AssessmentInstructionAssessment For LearningClassroom AssessmentFormative AssessmentClassroom Assessment EvidenceClassroom Assessment PracticesClassroom GradingFormative EvaluationFormative FeedbackStandards-based AssessmentClassroom AdaptationsFormative Assessment SupportStudent Achievement Gap
Formative assessment is an essential component of classroom work and can raise student achievement.
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Assessment and Classroom Learning
Paul Black, Dylan Wiliam · Assessment in Education Principles Policy and Practice · 1998 · 7.7K citations
Formative assessment and the design of instructional systems
D. Royce Sadler · Instructional Science · 1989 · 4.1K citations
The New Meaning of Educational Change
School Effectiveness and School Improvement · 1991 · 2.7K citations