Underwater robotics is a specialized field of robotics focused on the design, construction, and operation of autonomous and remotely operated vehicles for deployment in aquatic environments. This research area investigates the unique challenges of sensing, navigation, manipulation, and communication in complex underwater conditions, characterized by high pressure, low visibility, limited communication, and dynamic fluid forces. Its significance lies in enabling critical exploration, scientific data acquisition, infrastructure inspection, and intervention in environments inaccessible or hazardous to humans.