Extraction of carotenoids from <i>Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous</i> using ultrasound‐assisted and chemical cell disruption methods

Abstract

Abstract Carotenoids are natural pigments that can be synthesized by plants, algae, and microorganisms. Carotenoids are found intracellularly when bio‐produced by microorganisms. Thus, the cell wall rigidity makes pigment extraction difficult at times, so the application of various cell rupture and extraction techniques is made necessary. Therefore, this study aimed to perform Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous Y‐10921 cell rupture using dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) and Ultrasound‐Assisted methods in order to recover carotenoids. The maximum recovery of specific carotenoids using the DMSO method was 680 μg/g associated with acetone extraction and 614 μg/g with the Ultrasound‐Assisted method (acetone:methanol, 7:3 v/v ratio). The results demonstrate that the Ultrasound‐Assisted method did not require a long extraction time, it had an easy biocompounds recovery, and furthermore, it was effective on yeast cell disruption.