SoGut: A Soft Robotic Gastric Simulator

Abstract

The human stomach breaks down and transports food by coordinated radial contractions of the gastric walls. The radial contractions periodically propagate through the stomach and constitute the peristaltic contractions, also called the gastric motility. The force, amplitude, and frequency of peristaltic contractions are relevant to massaging and transporting the food contents in the gastric lumen. However, existing gastric simulators have not faithfully replicated gastric motility. Herein, we report a soft robotic gastric simulator (SoGut) that emulates peristaltic contractions in an anatomically realistic way. SoGut incorporates an array of circular air chambers that generate radial contractions. The design and fabrication of SoGut leverages principles from the soft robotics field, which features compliance and adaptability. We studied the force and amplitude of the contractions when the lumen of SoGut was empty or filled with contents of different viscosity. We examined the contracting force using manometry. SoGut exhibited a similar range of contracting force as the human stomach reported in the literature. Besides, we investigated the amplitude of the contractions through videofluoroscopy where the contraction ratio was derived. The contraction ratio as a function of inflation pressure is found to match the observations of <i>in vivo</i> situations. We demonstrated that SoGut can achieve <i>in vitro</i> peristaltic contractions by coordinating the inflation sequence of multiple air chambers. It exhibited the functions to massage and transport the food contents. SoGut can simulate the physiological motions of the human stomach to advance research of digestion.