Effectiveness of alginate coating on antioxidant enzymes and biochemical changes during storage of mango fruit

Abstract

The climacteric nature of mango makes it ripen quickly and increases its postharvest losses. The objective of the present search was to evaluate the efficacy of 1%-3% sodium alginate edible coating for maintaining the postharvest nutritional quality and increasing the marketability of the mango fruit during storage at 15 ± 1°C and 85 ± 1% relative humidity. Results revealed that the quality characteristics including acidity and ascorbic acid content were not affected by the alginate treatments. In contrast, treatment with 3% alginate significantly reduced weight loss and maintained higher firmness (2-fold), total phenols (1.3-fold), and flavonoids content (1.7-fold), as compared with the control. Higher antioxidant capacity was observed in the 3% alginate treatments than the control. Polyphenolxoidase activity in the coated mango remained below 30 U/g FW, while it was increased continuously in the uncoated samples during the storage. Fruits coated with alginate exhibited a higher antioxidant enzyme activity during storage. Sodium alginate had no significant effects on the external color parameters except the a* value. Generally, it was concluded that the mango storage life and its valuable nutritional characteristics were increased by applying the alginate edible coating. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Recently, the edible coatings by natural sources have been widely demanded by consumers due to its nontoxic and biodegradable characteristics. Mango fruits as a climacteric high-nutritional tropical fruit being climatic have a limited shelf life and the maintenance of its quality is still a major challenge for the consumers. The results of this study showed that using sodium alginate coating at 3% concentration had a significant effect on preventing water loss, color changes and preserving antioxidant properties, phenol and flavonoids compounds of mango fruit during storage. Therefore, alginate coating as a biodegradable compound can be used to maintain the quality during the shelf life of fruits and vegetables.