Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial Activity, and Antioxidant Activity of <i>Ocotea minarum</i> (Nees &amp; Mart.) Mez.

Abstract

<i>Ocotea minarum</i> is a native plant from Brazil, popularly known as "canelinha" or "canela vassoura." The objective of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of the extracts of the bark and the leaves of <i>O. minarum</i> and to evaluate its antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The phenolic compounds, flavonoids and tanins, were quantified with the reagents Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminium chloride, and vanillin. The chemical profile was performed by HPLC-DAD. The minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated by the microdilution in a broth method. The antioxidant activity was measured by the capture of free radicals 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid). In addition, protection against oxidative hemolysis and generation of malondialdehyde were evaluated in human erythrocytes. The composition of the extracts included the caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, and rosmarinic acid, besides the flavonoids quercetin and luteolin. The EEL showed bacteriostatic action of 1000 <i>μ</i>g/mL for all evaluated <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium, <i>Salmonella</i> Enteritidis, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and <i>Proteus mirabilis</i>, and the EHEB had a moderate antifungal action against <i>Candida krusei</i> and <i>Cryptococcus gattii</i> (250 <i>μ</i>g/mL). IC₅₀ values of 8.19 (EEL) and 4.51 <i>μ</i>g/mL (EEB) in the assay with DPPH and 6.25 (EEL) and 2.87 <i>μ</i>g/mL (EEB) in the assay with ABTS were obtained. Up to the 3rd hour of oxidative hemolysis testing induced by AAPH, the EEB and EEL had a protective action, reducing the malondialdehyde. In conclusion, the data indicate that the <i>O. minarum</i> extracts can be evaluated as bioactive supplies for the development of new drugs for the prevention and treatment of diseases related to oxidative stress and microbial infections.