Sensor calibration is a fundamental methodological approach within measurement science and sensor systems engineering aimed at establishing and maintaining the accuracy and reliability of sensor output. This process involves systematically comparing a sensor's responses to known reference standards under specified conditions, identifying deviations, and applying corrective measures or adjustments to minimize measurement errors and ensure data integrity. Its significance is paramount for guaranteeing the validity of collected data, enabling precise quantitative analysis, and ensuring metrological traceability essential for scientific research, industrial processes, and critical applications.