Mastery learning is an educational approach or pedagogical methodology based on the principle that students must achieve a high level of proficiency in prerequisite material before progressing to advanced concepts. As an academic concept, it investigates instructional strategies, assessment methods, and learning environments designed to ensure deep understanding and competence for nearly all learners, emphasizing individualized pacing, formative assessment for diagnosis, targeted remediation, and criterion-referenced standards over fixed timeframes or norm-referenced comparisons. Its significance lies in its potential to enhance learning outcomes, promote equity by reducing achievement disparities, and cultivate foundational knowledge essential for future learning.