UST Research Online (University of St. Thomas - Minnesota) · 2004 · 51 citations · 7 references
EducationEducational TechnologyInstructionDistance EducationInstructional DesignInteraction DesignAsynchronous LearningCollaborative Learning EnvironmentsDistance LearningInteractive Learning EnvironmentsTeacher-student InteractionVirtual Learning EnvironmentsAsynchronous Online CommunicationCollaborative TechnologiesDistance Learning DesignLearner CharacteristicsLearner-centered InstructionLearning Activities DesignLearning Environment DesignOnline Learning Environments
Interaction research in distance education has focused mostly on learner-teacher interaction in a learning environment based on a behaviorist curriculum. This presentation focuses on factors contributing to learner-learner interaction in a distance learning course based on learner-centered and collaborative instructional design. The proposed model, which resulted from research on patterns of learner interaction in both synchronous and asynchronous computer-mediated communication modes, examines factors contributing to interaction in the areas of learner characteristics, technology attributes, and learning activities.
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Charlotte Nirmalani Gunawardena, Constance A. Lowe, Terry Anderson · Journal of Educational Computing Research · 1997 · 1.6K citations
Daniel Hillman, Deborah J. Willis, Charlotte Nirmalani Gunawardena · American Journal of Distance Education · 1994 · 1K citations