GAME-BASED PROGRAMMING IN PRIMARY SCHOOL INFORMATICS

Abstract

The ability algorithmic approach to problem solving is one of the key competencies of the 21st century. The development of this competence is largely supported by experiential education strategies, resp. the use of educational software based on this strategy. For beginners in programming the knowledge of specific algorithms is not so important. Contrarily, the ability to understand principles of algorithms, find own solutions for new problems is more desired. Children's programming languages named as „small languages“ are very popular in elementary school informatics. The elementary control structures are based on simple and friendly (icon-, puzzle-, block-based) programming concepts. It can help the development of work of beginner programmer by using clearly defined steps with immediate feedback. There is also a possibility of visualizing the sequence of program steps. These programming environments typically allow object and event-based control with the rules of the given microworld taken into account. The pupils acquire new knowledge individually while exploring and playing, thus the concept of learning by doing prevails. The games not only motivate them to improve their algorithms but also encourage them to design new strategies. The main aim of the paper is to show a way of learning principles and algorithm concepts by using two selected free educational software (Kodu Game Lab and Scratch) to develop very own (2D or 3D) game. Practical experiences, observations and suggestions regarding teaching game-based programming will be analysed and shared.