Looking inside the ‘black box’: Freezing engineering to ensure the quality of freeze-dried biopharmaceuticals

The ice nucleation temperature determines the primary drying rate of lyophilization for samples frozen on a temperature‐controlled shelf

James A. Searles, John F. Carpenter, Theodore W. Randolph · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · 2001 · 392 citations

Pharmacy, Biochemistry, Food Science +14

Heat and mass transfer scale-up issues during freeze drying: II. Control and characterization of the degree of supercooling

Shailaja Rambhatla, Roee Ramot, Chandan Bhugra et al. · AAPS PharmSciTech · 2004 · 239 citations · Full text

Pharmacy, Chemical Engineering, Materials Science +13

Freeze drying of pharmaceuticals in vials: Influence of freezing protocol and sample configuration on ice morphology and freeze-dried cake texture

Aurélie Hottot, Séverine Vessot, Julien Andrieu · Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification · 2006 · 152 citations

Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmaceutics +17

Modeling of freezing step during freeze‐drying of drugs in vials

Kyuya Nakagawa, Aurélie Hottot, Séverine Vessot et al. · AIChE Journal · 2007 · 122 citations

Pharmacy, Pharmaceutics, Lyophilization +16

Heat and mass transport in the freezing of apple tissue

J. L. BOMBEN, C. Judson King · International Journal of Food Science & Technology · 1982 · 90 citations

Life Sciences, Biophysics, Cell Biology +17