Is expanding retrieval a superior method for learning text materials?

Depth of processing and the retention of words in episodic memory.

Fergus I. M. Craik, Endel Tulving · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · 1975 · 3.9K citations

Social Sciences, Behavioral Sciences, Psychology +12

Test-Enhanced Learning

Henry L. Roediger, Jeffrey D. Karpicke · Psychological Science · 2006 · 2.7K citations

Education, Educational Assessment, Instruction +12

The Power of Testing Memory: Basic Research and Implications for Educational Practice

Henry L. Roediger, Jeffrey D. Karpicke · Perspectives on Psychological Science · 2006 · 2K citations

Social Sciences, Educational Psychology, Psychology +13

The Critical Importance of Retrieval for Learning

Jeffrey D. Karpicke, Henry L. Roediger · Science · 2008 · 1.8K citations

Language Studies, Educational Psychology, Foreign Languages +16

Metacognitive strategies in student learning: Do students practise retrieval when they study on their own?

Jeffrey D. Karpicke, Andrew C. Butler, Henry L. Roediger · Memory · 2009 · 742 citations

Education, Educational Psychology, Psychology +15