My Choice, Your Categories: The Denial of Multiracial Identities

Abstract

Mixed‐race individuals often encounter situations in which their identities are a source of tension, particularly when expressions of multiracial and biracial identity are not supported or allowed. Two studies examined the consequences of this identity denial. In Study 1, mixed‐race participants reported that their biracial or multiracial identity caused tension in a variety of contexts. Study 2 focused on one often‐mentioned situation: completing a demographic questionnaire in which only one racial background can be specified. Relative to mixed‐race participants who were permitted to choose multiple races, those compelled to choose only one showed lower subsequent motivation and self‐esteem. These studies demonstrate the negative consequences of constraining mixed‐race individuals’ expression of their chosen racial identity. Policy implications for the collection of racial and ethnic demographic data are discussed.