Micromachining is a suite of advanced fabrication methodologies focused on creating structures, components, and systems with features and dimensions typically ranging from micrometers down to sub-micrometer scales. This academic field investigates precision material processing techniques, including lithography, etching, deposition, and micro-milling, to enable the miniaturization of devices and the integration of complex functionalities for applications in areas such as microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), microfluidics, and biomedical engineering.