A novel strain of <i>Levilactobacillus brevis</i> PDD-5 isolated from salty vegetables has beneficial effects on hyperuricemia through anti-inflammation and improvement of kidney damage

Abstract

Hyperuricemia is a metabolic disorder caused by abnormal purine metabolism, resulting in abnormally high serum uric acid. In this study, a novel <i>Levilactobacillus brevis</i> PDD-5 isolated from salty vegetables was verified with the function of alleviating hyperuricemia. The relevant effects of <i>L. brevis</i> PDD-5 in lowering uric acid were analyzed by <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> experiments. The results showed that the <i>L. brevis</i> PDD-5 has (68.86 ± 15.46)% of inosine uptake capacity and (95.75 ± 3.30)% of guanosine uptake capacity <i>in vitro</i>. Oral administration of <i>L. brevis</i> PDD-5 to hyperuricemia rats reduced uric acid, creatinine, and urea nitrogen in serum, as well as decreased inosine and guanosine levels in the intestinal contents of rats. Analysis of relevant markers in the kidney by ELISA kits revealed that <i>L. brevis</i> PDD-5 alleviated oxidative stress and inflammation. Moreover, the gene expression of URAT1 and GLUT9 was down-regulated, and the gene expression of OAT1 was up-regulated after treatment with <i>L. brevis</i> PDD-5. Western blot analysis showed that <i>L. brevis</i> PDD-5 alleviated hyperuricemia-induced kidney injury through the NLRP3 pathway. These findings suggest that <i>L. brevis</i> PDD-5 can lower uric acid, repair kidney damage, and also has the potential to prevent uric acid nephropathy.