The Identification of Anthocyanins from <i>Padus racemosa</i> and Its Protective Effects on H₂O₂‐Induced INS‐1 Cells Damage and STZ‐Induced Diabetes Mice

Abstract

Abstract Oxidative damage in cells induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a main factor in diabetes mellitus diseases progression. The composition of anthocyanins from Padus racemosa (APR) and the protective effects of APR on H 2 O 2 ‐induced rat insulinoma (INS‐1) cells damage and streptozocin (STZ)‐induced diabetes mice were investigated in this study. The main components of APR were cyanidin‐cyanidin glucosyl‐rutinoside, cyanidin‐cyanidin xylosyl‐rutinoside, cyanidin‐xylosyl‐glucoside and cyanidin‐rutinoside, which were determined by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC/MS). APR could scavenge the 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical in vitro . ROS level was decreased and the cell viability was increased in INS‐1 cells after treated with APR. Cell apoptosis induced by H 2 O 2 in INS‐1 cells was decreased after incubation with APR. APR could decrease the phosphorylation of p38 and the nuclear translocation of p65, which indicated that APR could inhibit the activation of p38 Mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐ κ B) cell signaling pathways. Meanwhile, APR could effectively reduce the blood glucose and blood lipid in STZ‐induced diabetic mice. These results suggested that APR might be a potential agent for diabetes mellitus diseases treatment.