Scandinavian Journal of Immunology · 2020 · 46 citations · 31 references
Life SciencesImmunologyPathobiologyAutoimmunityImmunopathologyInflammationAutoimmune BiomarkersAutoimmune DiseasesComplement SystemImmune DysfunctionSystemic Autoimmune DiseaseSystemic Lupus ErythematosusCo-inhibitory MoleculesCo-inhibitory ReceptorsComplement System AbnormalitiesProgrammed Cell Death Ligand 1 RegulationProgrammed Cell Death Ligand 1 SignalingProgrammed Cell Death Protein 1 (Pd-1) PathwayProgrammed Death-ligand 1 BiomarkerSystemic Lupus Erythematosus Associations
The programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway is an important host immunosuppression mechanism. Soluble PD-1 (sPD-1) and PD-L1 (sPD-L1) expression regulates co-inhibitory signals in autoimmune disorders. Here, we evaluated whether serum sPD-1 and sPD-L1 are involved in immune dysfunction and assessed its relationship with SLE. Blood samples were obtained from 130 patients with SLE and 44 healthy controls. Serum sPD-1 and sPD-L1 were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Relevant immune parameters were analysed. Both serum sPD-1 and sPD-L1 were significantly higher in the SLE patients than in the controls. A series of severe disease clinical manifestations and laboratory features such as presence of decreased complement component 3, complement component 4 and SLEDAI >8 were associated with elevated sPD-1 and sPD-L1. Our study suggests that abnormal sPD-1 and sPD-L1 expression may be involved in the imbalance of immune regulation in SLE.
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Derivation of the sledai. A disease activity index for lupus patients
Claire Bombardier, Dafna D. Gladman, Murray B. Urowitz et al. · Arthritis & Rheumatism · 1992 · 4.6K citations