<italic>In Vivo</italic> Manipulation of Single Biological Cells With an Optical Tweezers-Based Manipulator and a Disturbance Compensation Controller

Abstract

In vivo manipulation of biological cells has attracted considerable attention in recent years. This process is particularly useful for precision medicine, such as cancer target therapy. Robotics technology is becoming necessary to stably and effectively manipulate and control single target cells in a complex in vivo environment. This paper presents a robot-aided optical tweezers-based manipulation technology that serves a function in the transport of single biological cells in vivo. An enhanced disturbance compensation controller is developed to minimize the effect of fluids (e.g., blood flow) on the cell. The method has exhibited advantages of flexibility in adjusting cell tracking trajectory online and the capability to minimize steady-state error and eliminate overshoot. Simulations and experiments of tracking single target cells in living zebrafish embryos have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach in a dynamic in vivo environment.