Chemical composition, phytochemical and antioxidant activity from extract of Etlingera elatior flower from Indonesia

Abstract

The flower of Etlingera elatior (torch ginger) is widely used in traditional medicine and as a flavour in food was extracted. Extraction has used solvent of methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane. The yield of extraction in methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane were 2.36%, 0.54% and 0.21%. Chemical compositions of Etlingera elatior flower from Indonesia were identified by analytical Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Total chemical compositions were thirty nine compounds. The result showed that the components mainly were 1-dodecanol (13.82%), dodecanal (12.10%), and 17-pentatriacontene (10.52%). Qualitative analysis of phytochemical constituents in methanol and ethyl acetate extract were tannins, flavonoids, saponin and steroid. Antioxidant activity of etlingera elatior flower from Indonesia was carried out by using 1,1, Diphenyl- 2- Picryl Hydrazine (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. IC50 of both flower extract was calculated. Comparative study showed that etlingera elatior in the methanol extract shows higher antioxidant potential (IC50 = 21.14 µg/ml) as compared to ethyl acetate extract (IC50 = 68.24 µg/ml) against DPPH free radicals.