Effect of Three Phase Extraction with Ultrasound on Recovery and Antioxidant Activity of<i>Andrographis paniculata</i>

Abstract

Ultrasound assisted three phase partitioning (UATPP) was developed for the separation of andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata. Andrographolide is a labdane diterpenoid known to exhibit potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anticarcinogenic and antidiabetic activity. Process parameters affecting UATPP on the extraction yield of andrographolide was investigated. Highest yield of andrographolide was 35.28 mg/g under ideal extraction conditions (40 % w/w ammonium sulfate, 32 min time, pH 7, 1:1 slurry to t-butanol ratio, 30°C). UATPP produced 35.28 mg/g of andrographolide only in 32 min, whereas TPP produced 26.55 mg/g in 120 min. UATPP treatment significantly reduced the extraction time apart from prominently improving the extraction yield. The antioxidant potential of t-butanol and aqueous fractions was determined by in vitro tests like 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay. Total phenolic content of both the fractions was determined using Folin Ciocalteu reagent. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of t-butanol fraction was higher as compared to aqueous layer. A comparison of antioxidant potential of t-butanol fraction obtained after TPP and UATPP extraction was done. The findings indicated that UATPP not only increased the yield of andrographolide but also showed an improved antioxidant activity compared to TPP.