Academy of Management Journal · 2009 · 257 citations · 101 references
Employee InvolvementWork AttitudeWorkplace PsychologyEmployee AttitudeOrganizational IdentityOrganizational CommunicationProfessional IdentificationManagementBusinessSocial SciencesReciprocity DynamicOrganizational TreatmentHuman Resource ManagementProfessional EmployeesOrganizational PsychologyOrganizational BehaviorPsychologyEmployee Relation
We consider when professional employees reciprocate perceived organizational treatment. In a large sample of physician employees, the association between perceived organizational support (POS) and employee work performance was (1) most positive when organizational identification was high and professional identification was low and (2) least positive when organizational identification was low and professional identification was high. We also found that the association between perceived psychological contract violation (PPCV) and employee work performance was (1) most negative when organizational identification was low and professional identification was high and (2) least negative when organizational identification was high and professional identification was low.
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Exchange and Power in Social Life.
Robert Bierstedt, Peter M. Blau · American Sociological Review · 1965 · 13.8K citations
The Norm of Reciprocity: A Preliminary Statement
Alvin W. Gouldner · American Sociological Review · 1960 · 11.6K citations