Importance of multiple forward scattering in medium- and high-energy electron emission and/or diffraction spectroscopies

Abstract

We examine the role of multiple scattering in emission and/or diffraction spectroscopies that involve medium- and high-energy electrons. We use quantum-mechanical and classical methods to demonstrate the importance of multiple forward scattering in these techniques. Single-scattering theory produces errors because it neglects multiple forward scattering from atoms which shadow other atoms.