Spectroscopy is an analytical technique and field of study that probes the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation. This interaction, recorded as a spectrum varying with wavelength, frequency, or energy, serves as a fundamental tool for investigating the composition, structure, physical properties, and dynamic processes of atoms, molecules, and materials. Its significance lies in enabling detailed characterization across various scientific disciplines, from chemistry and physics to astronomy and materials science, often providing non-destructive insights into the fundamental nature of substances and systems.