Physicochemical characterization of starch from hexaploid triticale (<i>X Triticosecale</i>Wittmack) genotypes

Abstract

The starch granules of complete and substituted triticale genotypes were analyzed for morphology and size distribution using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and laser diffraction, respectively. A quantitative comparison of total carbohydrate, starch, and amylose contents was also performed. The results showed that the complete triticales contained 8.8% more total carbohydrate content and 13.8% more starch content than the substituted ones. No significant differences in the average amylose content (22.8%) were observed between the two sets of triticales. However, the A- and B-type starch granules of the substituted triticales showed significant differences in amylose content. Starch granule distribution profiles showed that the sizes of the A- and B-type starch granules of complete triticales were larger (in the range of 18–41 μm and 2–13 μm, respectively) than those of substituted triticales (in the range of 8–38 μm and 0.5–6 μm, respectively). This study demonstrated that the starch in triticale genotypes differs in physicochemical properties.