Fabrication of biocompatible and biodegradable polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate blend polymers incorporating Ca2+ doped TiO2 nanocomposite 3D scaffold for biomedical applications

Abstract

Development of biocompatible and biodegradable 3D scaffold for biomedical application has been challenging. Herein, the application of a novel nanocomposite 3D scaffold based on poly vinyl alcohol and sodium alginate embedded with Ca2+ doped titanium dioxide nanoparticle (PVA+SA/Ca@TiO2) as bioactive material was investigated. The 3D scaffold was prepared using a solvent casting method and characterized using FTIR, SEM, XRD and TGA to study their physiochemical properties. The spectroscopy techniques were used to confirm the formation of the required poly vinyl alcohol and sodium alginate with Ca doped TiO2 nanoparticles fillers interaction by the identification of bands. The Ti-OH bonds and the bonds related to the interconnected network between the inorganic and the organic components from hybrids. The PVA+SA/Ca@TiO2 nanocomposite 3D scaffold was demonstrated good bioactivity to promote nucleation and growth of hydroxyapatite (HAp) in the simulated body fluid. The PVA+SA/Ca@TiO2 nanocomposite 3D scaffold supported the growth and proliferation of 3T3 mouse fibroblast cells with strong proliferation and cell attachment. The biocompatibility and nontoxic character of the 3D scaffold was probed using fibroblast cell with over 90% of cell viability. It offers a potential for cell attachment and captured for biomedical application.