Anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of thiamin supplements in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of thiamin supplementation on biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among 60 patients with GDM. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups to receive either 100 mg/day thiamin supplements (n = 30) or placebo (n = 30) for 6 weeks.Results Thiamin supplementation significantly decreased serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (β − 0.98 mg/L; 95% CI, −1.54, −0.42; p = .001) and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (β − 0.86 µmol/L; 95% CI, −1.15, −0.57; p < .001) when compared with the placebo. In addition, thiamin supplementation downregulated gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (p = .002) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with GDM. Thiamin supplementation did not affect other biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress.Conclusion Overall, thiamin supplementation for 6 weeks to patients with GDM significantly reduced hs-CRP and MDA levels, and gene expression of TNF-α, but did not affect other biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress. Clinical trial registration number Clinical Trials.govIdentifier no. http://www.irct.ir: IRCT20170513033941N58.