Ethical and Legal Aspects of Using Genome Editing Technologies in Medicine (Review)

Abstract

According to many experts, the turning point in the development of genome editing technologies (GET) was 2012, when Feng Zhang and Jennifer Doudna independently proposed the adaptive bacterial immunity system CRISPR/Cas9 for editing the genome of living cells of eukaryotic organisms. Since then, the range of applications of CRISPR/Cas9 technology and related GET has continued to grow like an avalanche. Thus, new genetically modified microorganisms, plants, and animals have been created, the experimental studies on the genetic foundations of life have greatly expanded, and revolutionary approaches to therapy and prevention of incurable diseases have been developed.