Lactobacillus gasseri LA39 Activates the Oxidative Phosphorylation Pathway in Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Abstract

Intestinal microbial interactions with the host epithelium have important roles in host health. Our previous data have suggested that <i>Lactobacillus gasseri</i> LA39 is the predominant intestinal <i>Lactobacillus</i> in weaned piglets. However, the regulatory role of <i>L. gasseri</i> LA39 in the intestinal epithelial protein expression in piglets remains unclear. In the present study, we conducted comparative proteomics approach to investigate the intestinal epithelial protein profile alteration caused by <i>L. gasseri</i> LA39 in piglets. The expressions of 15 proteins significantly increased, whereas the expressions of 13 proteins significantly decreased in the IPEC-J2 cells upon <i>L. gasseri</i> LA39 treatment. Bioinformatics analyses, including COG function annotation, GO annotation, and KEGG pathway analysis for the differentially expressed proteins revealed that the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway in IPEC-J2 cells was significantly activated by <i>L. gasseri</i> LA39 treatment. Further data indicated that two differentially expressed proteins UQCRC2 and TCIRG1, associated with the OXPHOS pathway, and cellular ATP levels in IPEC-J2 cells were significantly up-regulated by <i>L. gasseri</i> LA39 treatment. Importantly, the <i>in vivo</i> data indicated that oral gavage of <i>L. gasseri</i> LA39 significantly increased the expression of UQCRC2 and TCIRG1 and the cellular ATP levels in the intestinal epithelial cells of weaned piglets. Our results, both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>, reveal that <i>L. gasseri</i> LA39 activates the OXPHOS pathway and increases the energy production in porcine intestinal epithelial cells. These findings suggest that <i>L. gasseri</i> LA39 may be a potential probiotics candidate for intestinal energy production promotion and confers health-promoting functions in mammals.