Hot S-parameter techniques: 6 = 4 + 2

Abstract

An overview of several hot S-parameter techniques is presented. It is shown that different definitions are in use, causing confusion among users. Different techniques are explained in a nutshell, together with their advantages and drawbacks. It is explained that any accurate hot S-parameter approach needs 6 parameters in contradiction with the classic small signal S-parameter approach where 4 coefficients are sufficient.