Transport and spin conversion of multicarriers in semimetal bismuth

Abstract

In this paper, we report on the investigation of (i) the transport properties of multicarriers in semimetal Bi and (ii) the spin conversion physics in this semimetal system on a ferrimagnetic insulator, yttrium-iron-garnet. Hall measurements reveal that electrons and holes coexist in the Bi, with electrons being the dominant carrier. The results of a spin conversion experiment corroborate the results of the Hall measurement; in addition, the inverse spin Hall effect governs the spin conversion in the semimetal/insulator system. This study provides further insights into spin conversion physics in semimetal systems.