Cross‐Linked Enzyme Crystals (CLECs): Efficient and Stable Biocatalysts for Preparative Organic Chemistry

Abstract

Enzyme preparations that are stable in organic solvents and in aqueous media can be obtained by covalently cross-linking enzyme crystals. The resulting exceptionally stable biocatalysts, the “cross-linked enzyme crystals” (CLECs), efficiently catalyze enzymatic peptide syntheses (see example below), esterfications, hydrolyses, CC bond-forming reactions, and reductions. Z = benzyloxycarbonyl.