PRESENCE Virtual and Augmented Reality · 1999 · 298 citations · 26 references
EducationEducational TechnologyInteractive MediaVirtual Reality DesignVirtual Reality In EducationCollaborative Virtual EnvironmentsImmersive EnvironmentsImmersive Learning EnvironmentsVirtual Environment DesignVirtual RealityVirtual WorldsConstructivist PedagogyConstructivist TeachingImmersive Virtual RealityPrimary Education ReformVirtual Reality EducationVirtual Reality Learning EnvironmentsVirtual Reality NarrativeVisual Feedback
This paper describes the design, evaluation, and lessons learned from a project involving the implementation of an immersive virtual environment for children called NICE (Narrative-based, Immersive, Constructionist/Collaborative Environments). The goal of the NICE project was to construct a testbed for the exploration of virtual reality as a learning medium within the context of the primary educational reform themes of the past three decades. With a focus on informal education and domains with social content, NICE embraces the constructivist approach to learning, collaboration, and narrative development, and is designed to utilize the strengths of virtual reality: a combination of immersion, telepresence, immediate visual feedback, and interactivity. Based on our experiences with a broad range of users, the paper discusses both the successes and limitations of NICE and concludes with recommendations for research directions in the application of immersive VR technologies to children's learning.
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Reconsidering Research on Learning from Media
Richard E. Clark · Review of Educational Research · 1983 · 2.5K citations
Robert E. Slavin · Review of Educational Research · 1980 · 761 citations