Consumer Acceptance of Genetically Modified Food Products in the Developing World

Abstract

World-wide consumer response toward food products made from genetically modified ingredients has been largely negative. However, the majority of the previous studies on consumer attitudes towards genetically modified food products were conducted in developed countries in Europe as well as Japan. The small number of studies conducted in developing countries obtained different results from the developed world. This paper considers the motivations for consumer attitudes towards genetically modified foods in developing countries. We conclude that the generally positive perception towards genetically modified foods in developing countries could be the result of a cost-benefit analysis consistent with expected utility theory. Developing countries have more urgent needs in terms of food availability and nutritional content. Additionally, perceived levels of risk may be smaller due to trust in government regulation, positive perceptions of scientific discovery, and positive media influences. This is contrary to the small benefits and high perceived risks found in many developed countries, and hence, the rational for low or non-acceptance of genetically modified foods in those countries.