Apoptotic and Necrotic Death Mechanisms Are Concomitantly Activated in the Same Cell After Cerebral Ischemia

Abstract

These data, demonstrating an early and concurrent increase in caspase-3 and cathepsin-B activities followed by appearance of caspase-cleavage products, DNA fragmentation, and membrane disintegration, suggest that subroutines of necrotic and apoptotic cell death are concomitantly activated in ischemic neurons and that the dominant cell death phenotype is determined by the relative speed of each process.