IRAL - International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching · 2007 · 18 citations · 3 references
Language StudiesFrenchLinguisticsLanguage AcquisitionLanguage DevelopmentSecond Language LearningDiscourse DevelopmentGrammar AcquisitionInterlanguageLanguage LearningSecond Language AcquisitionSecond Language DevelopmentCollocation Frequency AnalysisGrammatical CollocationGrammatical StructureInterlanguage AnalysisLearner Collocation AnalysisLearner Speech Analysis
The study examines how the French collocation c est and the Swedish det är function and are used in native and learner speech. Data were collected from conversational speech by adult native speakers and second‑language learners, and a usage‑based framework was applied to analyze the collocations. Both collocations are highly polyfunctional, serve as planning formulas, display distinct frequency patterns, and their properties influence the development of learners’ interlanguages.
This cross-linguistic study investigates the functionality and use of one particular linguistic collocation in each of two languages, viz. the French c'est and the Swedish det är, both meaning ‘it is’. The data are drawn from conversational speech production by adult native speakers and second language learners. The investigation shows that these collocations are highly polyfunctional as components in different grammatical constructions, that they play a significant role as a formula in the planning and execution of utterances and that they show a characteristic distribution of frequency of use and a characteristic profile of development in learner speech. A usage-based view of how language develops in individuals is adopted in the analysis of these findings, showing that these various properties are connected to each other and that they have an important bearing on the development of learners' interlanguages.
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The Development of Fluency in Advanced Learners of French
Richard Towell, Roger Hawkins, Nives Bazergui · Applied Linguistics · 1996 · 474 citations