Sublimation during lyophilization detected by temperature profile and X-ray technique

Mass and Heat Transfer in Vial Freeze-Drying of Pharmaceuticals: Role of the Vial

Michael J. Pikal, Michael L. Roy, Saroj Shah · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · 1984 · 343 citations

Pharmacy, Food Science, Pharmaceutics +14

Use of laboratory data in freeze drying process design: heat and mass transfer coefficients and the computer simulation of freeze drying.

Pikal Mj · PubMed · 1985 · 200 citations

Agriculture, Food Science, Mechanical Engineering +17

The physico-chemical basis for the freeze-drying process.

Mackenzie Ap · PubMed · 1976 · 70 citations

Natural Sciences, Food Science, Materials Science +16

Freeze-Drying of Proteins

Baolin Liu, Xinli Zhou · Methods in molecular biology · 2014 · 62 citations

Glimpses into the fundamental aspects of freeze-drying.

Rey Lr · PubMed · 1976 · 16 citations

Pharmacy, Food Science, Materials Science +12