Lipids and fatty acids of the horseshoe crabs<i>Tachypleus gigas</i> and<i>Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda</i>

Abstract

Abstract Total lipids from hepatopancreas of the horseshoe crabs, Tachypleus gigas and Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda , obtained in 7.6 and 3.3% wet weight respective yields, were fractionated by various chromatographic techniques and identified by gas‐liquid chromatography and spectroscopic methods. Fatty acid‐containing lipids were rich in 16∶0 (8.0–25%), 18∶1ω9 (6.9–22%) and 18∶2ω6 (6.8–18.5%); appreciable amounts of 16∶1ω7, 18∶3ω3, 20∶5ω3 and 22∶6ω3 were also present. The level of 26∶0 in the hydrocarbon fractions was unusually high (64 and 68%). Carbon chain lengths of major wax esters were 44, 46 and 48 for T. gigas and 38, 40 and 42 for C. rotundicauda . 1‐ O ‐Alkyl diglycerides were 7.2 and 9.1% of the total lipids in the two species and contained 14∶0(20%), 16∶0(60%) and 18∶0(20%) alkyl chains along with a relatively higher percentage (32–35%) of saturated fatty acids. High levels of cholesterol (&gt;50% of total sterol) in the free and combined state were encountered in both samples, phospholipid contents being 40 and 35%, respectively, and contained highest levels of unsaturated fatty acids.