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Effects of grade retention on achievement and self-concept in science and mathematics

Student OutcomeStem EducationStudent MotivationTeacher EducationMathematics EducationLearning SciencesGrade RetentionEducational PsychologyCognitive DevelopmentPsychologyEducationStudent SuccessSocial SciencesEducational AssessmentSecondary Mathematics EducationElementary EducationSelf-regulated Learning