It Is a Match: The Impact of Congruence between Celebrity Image and Consumer Ideal Self on Endorsement Effectiveness

TLDR

Celebrity endorsement is a widely used advertising strategy, yet research has mainly focused on endorser traits or product‑endorser match, while the influence of consumers’ self‑concept on purchase decisions remains underexplored. This study aims to examine how congruence between a consumer’s ideal self‑image and a celebrity’s perceived personality influences endorsement effectiveness. The authors developed and tested an integrative model that evaluates congruence between consumer self‑concept, celebrity image, and product attributes. Results show that ideal congruity between consumer self‑image and celebrity image significantly enhances the explanatory power of a congruence model of endorsement effectiveness.

Abstract

ABSTRACT Using celebrities for promoting products is a popular advertising strategy. The selection of celebrity endorsers is of great concern to advertisers given the large sums of money to secure their participation. To date, most academic research on celebrity endorser effectiveness has focused on endorser characteristics (e.g., source credibility) or a match between a product and the endorser (e.g., match‐up hypothesis). The study presented here introduces a new dimension for understanding celebrity endorser effects, the congruence between a consumer's perception of a celebrity's personality characteristics with the consumer's self‐concept. Consumers’ self‐concept is an important influence on purchase decisions (Ericksen, 1997; Graeff, 1996; Sirgy, 1982, 1985), and advertising has been viewed as the most effective tool for creating product images in relation to such self‐concept (Sirgy, 1982). Drawn from the two streams of literature, this study proposes and tests an integrative model of celebrity endorsement by examining congruence effects of consumer self‐concept and celebrity as well as product and celebrity. Results suggest that ideal congruity (congruence between consumers’ ideal self‐image and celebrity image) adds explanatory power to a congruence model of celebrity endorser effects. Implications for advertisers and suggestions for future research are discussed.