E E Codd

Opioid and nonopioid components independently contribute to the mechanism of action of tramadol, an 'atypical' opioid analgesic.

Robert B. Raffa, Elmar Friderichs, Wolfgang Reimann et al. · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · 1992 · 1.2K citations

Medicine, Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy +17

Complementary and synergistic antinociceptive interaction between the enantiomers of tramadol.

Robert B. Raffa, Elmar Friderichs, Wolfgang Reimann et al. · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · 1993 · 440 citations

Medicine, Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology +17

Serotonin and norepinephrine uptake inhibiting activity of centrally acting analgesics: structural determinants and role in antinociception.

E E Codd, Richard P. Shank, James J. Schupsky et al. · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · 1995 · 385 citations · Full text

Medicine, Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology +17

Differential tramadol and O-desmethyl metabolite levels in brain vs. plasma of mice and rats administered tramadol hydrochloride orally

Qihai Tao, Dennis J. Stone, Michael Borenstein et al. · Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics · 2002 · 34 citations

Medicine, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacology +15

Binding of growth hormone-releasing hormones and enkephalin-derived growth hormone-releasing peptides to mu and delta opioid receptors in forebrain of rat

E E Codd · Neuropharmacology · 1988 · 29 citations

Medicine, Neurobiology, Neuroscience +14