The generally recognized as safe (GRAS) microalgae <i>Haematococcus pluvialis</i> (wet) as a multifunctional additive for coloring and improving the organoleptic and functional properties of foods

Abstract

This work proposes the application of astaxanthin-rich <i>H. pluvialis</i> wet paste (HPW) as a partial substitute for wheat flour in the preparation of filloas, a dish that combines the basic ingredients of industrial bakery. The nutritional and color profile of HPW-enriched samples was evaluated by comparative analysis with a mixture of synthetic food dyes. The highest content of carotenoids (798 ± 12 μg g^-1) and fatty acids (76 ± 2 mg g^-1) was obtained for a filloa fortified with <i>H. pluvialis</i> in contrast to a non-significant dye response. Subsequently, the color stability of the fortified filloa was evaluated over time (3, 6 and 9 days), as well as its physicochemical properties and microbiological profile. As a result, HPW provided filloas with a longer shelf life, brightness (*<i>L</i>), and texture, in comparison with a mixture of synthetic dyes. In addition, an inhibitory effect of HPW towards mesophilic aerobic microorganisms in the food was obtained.