High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Spectroscopy Identification of Anthocyanins of<i>Vitis vinifera</i>variety Tempranillo

Abstract

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and diode array spectroscopy (DAS) were applied simultaneously for the separation, identification, and quantification of the anthocyanins of <i>Vitis vinifera</i> variety Tempranillo. Use of diode array detector (DAD) permitted simultaneous recording of the chromatographic analysis at several wavelengths and the visible-ultraviolet (v-uv) spectra of the different anthocyanins separated by HPLC. Using these techniques and on the basis of their elution order and spectroscopic properties, 15 anthocyanins were identified: the 3-monoglucosides of delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, peonidin, and malvidin and the derivatives of these five compounds acylated with acetic and <i>p</i>-coumaric acids. Acid and alkaline hydrolysis of both the anthocyanins isolated and the total anthocyanin extract obtained from the grapes confirm the identities of these compounds.