Objective: The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is a new marker of atherosclerotic inflammation and has been identified as a predictive factor in cardiovascular diseases, but its significance in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) who have undergone intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is still unknown. Methods: Consecutive patients who were treated with IVT using recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) for AIS were included from May 2012 to August 2018. The PLR was calculated according to platelet and lymphocyte counts within 24 h after thrombolysis therapy. Functional outcomes were assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months after thrombolysis. Stroke severity was assessed by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores. The primary endpoint was an unfavorable outcome (mRS > 2), and the secondary endpoint was death at 3 months. Results: A total of 286 patients were included in the study. The median age was 69.5 (59.0-80.0) years, and 59.1% of patients were men. A total of 120 (42.0%) patients had an unfavorable outcome, and 38 (13.2%) died. Patients with an unfavorable outcome had significantly higher PLR values compared with those with a favorable outcome [172.5 (105.3-239.0) vs. 139 (97.0-194.5), P = 0.008], and the PLR values of the patients who died at 3 months were higher than those of the surviving patients [189.5 (127.5-289.0) vs. 142.0 (98.0-215.5), P = 0.006]. After adjustment for other variables, the PLR was independently associated with the two endpoints: unfavorable outcome (OR 2.220, 95% CI 1.245-3.957, P = 0.007) and death (OR 2.825, 95% CI 1.050-7.601, P = 0.040) at 3 months after thrombolysis. In addition, PLR was correlated with the NIHSS score (R = 0.230, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Higher PLR levels were independently associated with an unfavorable outcome and death at 3 months in AIS patients treated with IVT.

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