Clinical epidemiology is an academic field and methodological approach that applies principles and methods of epidemiology to address questions relevant to clinical practice and patient care. It investigates the determinants, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and prevention of disease in human populations encountered within clinical settings, bridging population-level understanding with individual patient management. Its significance lies in generating evidence to inform clinical decision-making, improve patient outcomes, and advance medical knowledge by systematically studying the occurrence and outcomes of disease in clinical populations.