Racial health equity is a research concept and interdisciplinary field dedicated to understanding and addressing the systemic determinants that produce disparities in health outcomes and their distribution across racial groups. It investigates the complex interplay of historical, structural, institutional, and interpersonal factors, including racism and discrimination, that create unequal opportunities for health. Characteristic of this field is a critical analysis of power dynamics and root causes beyond individual behavior, with its significance residing in providing a framework for identifying, quantifying, and informing evidence-based interventions aimed at eliminating racial health disparities and achieving health justice.